Philtrum

The upper lip has a low vertical groove called the philtrum on its external surface located in the middle of two raised rims of skin. By merging of the medial nasal processes the philtrum and ridges are developed embryologically.

Philtrum

Functions

The human philtrum has no function.

Clinical Significance

• A flat Philtrum is often associated with Congenital, Cognitive and growth disorders. Most are genetic or inborn disorders, which may involve slow growth, metabolic defects like obesity, slow cognitive abilities etc.
• In Fetal Alcohol Syndrome or Prader–Willi syndrome a flattened or smooth philtrum may be found. Smooth Philtrum is most commonly associated with fetal alcohol syndrome. Since in many studies it is found to be a frequent sign of appearance of the condition
• A broader than average philtrum is among a group of physical anomalies related with autism.